NOTE 3—COLLABORATION ARRANGEMENTS

Agreement with Merck KGaA

On February 3, 2012, the Company entered into a global license and co-development agreement with Merck KGaA, of Darmstadt, Germany, to co-develop and commercialize evofosfamide, the Company’s small molecule hypoxia-targeted drug. Under the terms of the agreement, Merck KGaA received co-development rights, exclusive global commercialization rights and provided the Company with an option to co-commercialize evofosfamide in the United States. To date the Company received $110 million in upfront and milestone payments, including $12.5 million received during the quarter ended March 31, 2014. The milestones earned to date were not deemed to be substantive milestones because the work related to the achievement of these items was predominately completed prior to the inception of the arrangement or was not commensurate with Company’s performance subsequent to the inception of the arrangement to achieve the milestone. The Company is eligible to earn additional potential milestone payments of up to $100 million in regulatory and development milestones, and $340 million in commercialization milestones.

In the United States, the Company has primary responsibility for development of evofosfamide in the soft tissue sarcoma indication. The Company and Merck KGaA will jointly develop evofosfamide in all other cancer indications being pursued. Merck KGaA will pay 70% of worldwide development expenses for evofosfamide. Subject to FDA approval in the United States, Merck KGaA will initially be responsible for commercialization of evofosfamide with the Company receiving a tiered, double-digit royalty on sales. Under the royalty-bearing portion of the agreement, Threshold retains the option to co-promote evofosfamide in the United States. Additionally, the Company retains the option to co-commercialize evofosfamide in the United States, upon the achievement of certain sales and regulatory milestones, allowing the Company to participate in up to 50% of the profits in the United States depending on total sales. Outside of the United States, Merck KGaA will be solely responsible for the commercialization of evofosfamide with the Company receiving a tiered, double-digit royalty on sales in these territories. The agreement will continue on a country-by-country and product-by-product basis until the later of the last to expire patent covering such product containing evofosfamide in such country or ten years following the commercial launch of a product containing evofosfamide in such country, unless terminated earlier. Merck KGaA has the right to terminate the agreement on limited notice, and each party has the right to terminate the agreement following an uncured material breach by the other party.

The Company’s deliverables under the Merck KGaA agreement, which include delivery of the rights and license for evofosfamide and performance of research and development activities, have been determined to be a single unit of accounting. The delivered license does not have standalone value at the inception of the arrangement due to the Company’s proprietary expertise with respect to the licensed compound and related ongoing developmental participation under the global license and co-development agreement, which is required for Merck KGaA to fully realize the value from the delivered license. Therefore, the revenue relating to this unit of accounting will be recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over the estimated performance period under the agreement, which is the product development period. The Company recorded $42.5 million of milestones earned in 2013 and $67.5 million of upfront payment and milestones earned in 2012 as deferred revenue and is amortizing them ratably over its estimated period of performance, which the Company currently estimates to end on March 31, 2020. As a result, the Company recognized $14.7 million, $12.5 million and $5.9 million of revenue in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The Company will periodically review and, if necessary, revise the estimated periods of performance of the Company’s collaboration. The Company also earned a $21.9 million, $16.5 million and $13.1 million reimbursement for eligible worldwide development expenses for evofosfamide from Merck KGaA in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Such earned reimbursement has been reflected as a reduction of research and development expenses.

Of the remaining potential future milestones, $100 million are related to regulatory and development milestones and $340 million are related to commercialization milestones that may be received under the Merck KGaA Agreement. Regulatory milestones include the filing and acceptance of regulatory applications for marketing approval in major markets. Development milestones include primarily the initiation of various phases of clinical trials. Commercialization milestones include the achievement of first commercial sales in a particular market or annual product sales in excess of a pre-specified threshold. At the inception of the collaboration agreement the Company assessed regulatory and development milestones to be substantive where there was substantive scientific and regulatory uncertainty of achievement, the amounts of payments assigned were considered to be commensurate with the enhancement, that occurred subsequent to inception of the Merck KGaA agreement, of the value of the delivered rights and license of evofosfamide and the Company’s performance is necessary to the achievement of the milestone. Accordingly, the Company will recognize payments related to the achievement of such milestones, if any, when such milestone is achieved. Regulatory and development milestones that do not meet these conditions were considered non-substantive and payments related to the achievement of such milestones, if any, will be recorded as deferred revenue and amortized ratably over the estimated period of performance. Final determination of whether a development or regulatory milestone is substantive will depend upon the Company’s role in achieving the milestone. The specific role and responsibilities related to the regulatory and development activities for certain of these milestones have yet to be determined and may change during the development period. Under the Merck agreement, Merck KGaA will initially be responsible for commercialization activities and the Company initially may not be involved in the achievement of these commercialization milestones. These commercialization milestones would typically be achieved after the completion of the Company’s regulatory and development activities. If there are no future development obligations, the Company expects to account for the commercialization milestones in the same manner as royalties, with revenue recognized upon achievement of the milestone.